Typical landscape of Montado with Holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia)
SouthEast Portugal. by João Palma
Goats and Fraxinus, Portugal
Photo by Joana Amaral Paulo
Sweet cherry in combination with vegetables on an organic farm
North Western Switzerland. Photo by Felix Herzog
Switzerland
Photo by Gabriela Brändle, Agroscope
Silvopastoral system in Poland
Alley cropping, Seabuckthorn & Buffaloberry, canola and alfalfa
Saskatchewan, Canada. Photo by Laura Poppy and Ron Gares
Understory management in alley cropping systems in France
Managing non-crop vegetation within the field
If trees and crops are the productive components of the agroforestry alley cropping systems, a third component must be considered: the non-crop vegetation at the tree strip.